http://www.waldmannlighting.com/d.40/diva.aspx
clamp
lamp with Compression springs in the arms.One spring puts pull force on the blue arm.
(If the blue arm is tilted back the second spring on this arm gets push force.) The blue arm controls the two parallel arms (red) that make up the upper arm.
The other spring puts pull force on the other blue arm.
This arm controls the forearm (magenta). The two springs can be the same size; one spring has to lift more weight but is more vertical.
The other spring lifts less weight but is more horizontal.
Lamps with povoting arm
One StragIht forearm lamp
Ikea lamp